What Clients Want

A few years ago I read a great article byproperly, we were on hold for over 20 minutes
Parasuraman, Berry & Zeithaml called 'Understandingbefore we got to speak with someone. This shows
Customer Expectations of Service' from the Springto me that the company really isn't that interested in
1991 Sloan Management Review. The article looks atme.
customers of service businesses and helps usHow do you show that you're responsive? One thing
understand what their expectations are.we do is try and return all phone calls on the same
It stands to reason that if we want to provide greatday we received them so our clients understand
customer service, we need to understand what ourthey're important to us.
clients think great customer service looks like.How willing are you to help clients? How can you
Spending time understanding their expectations canshow this?
lead to more effective results.Assurance
The authors summarise customer serviceWhen a client deals with your organisation, do they
expectations into five areas: reliability, tangibles,have the confidence that the employees are capable
responsiveness, assurance and empathy. We'll coverand able to do their jobs well?
these in more detail below, together with someWe recently took our dog to our regular vet to get
examples.them to look at a lump that had developed on her
Reliabilityside. We were seen by a younger vet (not that
This aspect of service delivery is all about doing whatthere's anything wrong with that!) and, after a brief
you said you were going to do when you said youfeel and a quick blood test, she made a diagnosis
were going to do it.that involved surgery. To be honest, we felt that
Have you ever waited at home for a tradesman toshe'd rushed things a bit and maybe hadn't done a
arrive hours later than they'd promised? Or beencomplete diagnosis. Of course, the cost of following
frustrated that the person on the phone whoher advice would involve a significant financial outlay
promised to call back with some importantas well as the mental pressure of having a dog have
information regarding your insurance hasn't called?surgery. As a result, we took our dog to another vet
When you're selling a service, customers use reliabilityfor a second opinion.
as one of the important clues to make a decisionYou see, when I haven't got faith in your ability to
about whether or not to use your services. You see,deliver, I'll question the things you suggest.
when they can't see your physical product, they lookIn your service business you need to find ways to
for other cues that demonstrate whether you'll beconvey your credibility to clients. One very effective
able to deliver the promised product. Do you doway is through the use of client testimonials. Potential
what you say you'll do? This means when you sayclients can read about how you've helped someone
you'll call them tomorrow, you actually do. Or whensimilar to them, and this gives them confidence that
you promise to post some documents, they arriveyou'll be able to help them in a similar fashion. If you
on time and the clients don't have to call your officedon't have any existing clients who will give your
to follow them up.testimonials, use case studies instead that show how
If you say you're going to do these little things andyour advice could benefit a particular type of client.
you actually do, then people have faith that you'll beEmpathy
able to deliver on the big service they're buying fromThis last point is all about showing the client that you
you.care about them and their personal situation.
As an absolute minimum, if you want to meet yourIn our business we have a phrase "It's not about the
clients expectations, do what you say you're going tomoney". As financial planners, in one sense it's actually
do.all about the money. But it's not. It's about wanting to
If you want to exceed their expectations, read onunderstand what the money represents to our clients
and do the next four things well.- what are the things they want to do with it.
TangiblesAt the moment we're dealing with the extreme
How do you make your service come alive? It's hardmarket volatility. We have clients who have lost 20%
for me to show a client a mutual fund, but I can talkor 30% over the past year. In our conversations
about the companies they deal with every day thatwith those clients we're taking a lot of time to just
the fund invests into.sit and listen, and find out how they really feel. We
As a client interacts with your service experience,understand the pain they're going through.
they use the tangible things they see to makeWe'll say things to them that other clients in a similar
decisions. If your offices look messy and untidy, thisposition have already said. If they're retired, a popular
affects their perception of your service.phrase is 'I can't go back to work to recoup my
What about when you stay in a hotel and they putlosses'. I'll say to clients 'I understand that you can't
that paper sash across the toilet lid. It's there asjust go back to work to recoup your loss'. Most
evidence that the toilet has been cleaned. Youclients will nod their head and agree - they're seeing
wouldn't necessarily notice the clean toilet by itself,that we understand how they feel.
but the sash draws attention to it. The implication is -Most people just want to be valued as an individual -
if the toilet is clean, the rest of the room must alsothat's what empathy is all about.
be clean.Putting it Together
I've been in waiting rooms that have magazines fromIf you want to meet your client's expectations, the
5 years ago in the magazine rack. Maybe it's just me,best thing you can do is be reliable - deliver the
but my brain thinks that maybe that business is stuckservice you say you're going to deliver. In other
in a mindset of five years ago, and maybe they'rewords, give them the outcome they're expecting.
not up with the latest ideas and strategies that IBut if you want to exceed their expectations, you
need to know about.need to have a service process in place to deliver
Have a good hard look about the physical elementsthe elements of tangibles, responsiveness, assurance
to your service - your office, appearance,and empathy.
documentation you use etc. Does it convey to yourThink about a time in your life where you've had an
clients that you're professional and capable?experience where your expectations were exceeded.
ResponsivenessHow did they do it? Chances are it wasn't from just
Are you interested in helping customers? Beingdoing what they'd promised, but it involved one of
responsive means understanding that when a clientthe other four elements we've discussed.
calls with a query, they are responded to quickly.Have a thought about your business and think of
We recently changed the provider for our homeinnovative ways you can deliver these five elements
phone. It was an interesting experience. When weof service so that you don't just meet the
called the sales area, we spoke with a live personexpectations of your clients, but you exceed those
very quickly. Once we were an existing customerexpectations.
and had queries about the service not working